ETHICAL CODES OF AI DEVELOPMENT AND USE. THE ISSUE OF APPLICATION

The article analyzes codes of ethics and other non–legal documents designed to regulate artificial intelligence (AI) systems at all stages of life cycle, from idea and development to implementation and use. The analysis is based on four documents that ought to regulate AI within large territories; three of the four documents are international. The professional codes of ethics of AI developers’ organizations were taken as auxiliary ones. The author concludes that the following values are protected in all documents: human rights; the benefit of humanity (all people), i.e. humanity as a whole should be the beneficiary of the AI implementation; cultural diversity, non-discrimination. The article shows that reality strongly contradicts the rhetoric of the considered codes of ethics and documents, and, as a result, serious concerns arise during following the codes. In particular, the documents ignore or bypass the issue of military conflicts and the use of AI on the warfare whereas such use has long been a reality. The rhetoric of the codes is based on certain narratives and does not take into account popular concepts in social philosophy. Within the framework of the Marxist approach, the postulated values in the modern world cannot be respected. Humanity cannot be the beneficiary of the AI introduction while capitalism is widespread.