The Significance and Process of Inflammation Involving Eicosapentaenoic and Docosahexaenoic Derivatives in Hashimoto’s Disease

<b>Background:</b> The anti-inflammatory effects of omega-3 fatty acids and their derivatives are of considerable interest as a potential therapeutic agent in many diseases characterized by inflammation. <b>Methods:</b> This study aimed to measure the concentration of mediators derived from eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) fatty acids. We included 33 women suffering from Hashimoto's disease, with an average age of 37.58 ± 8.41 kg, in the study. The levels of EPA and DHA acids were examined using gas chromatography, and their derivatives were studied with liquid chromatography (HPLC). Patients were assessed after being put on a healthy and balanced diet supplemented with omega-3 fatty acids. <b>Results:</b> The results showed statistically significant correlations between the C-reactive protein (CRP) level and derivatives: resolvins E1 and D1 (RvE1, RvD1), 10S17R DiHDHA (Protectin DX), and 18RS HEPE (18-hydro(peroxy)-eicosapentaenoic acid) following the diet. There was also a significant correlation observed between Maresin 1 and free thyroxine (fT4). Moreover, a dependency between the RvD1 level and some anthropometric parameters was observed. <b>Conclusions:</b> The findings suggest that the chronic inflammatory state occurring in the course of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is associated with increased synthesis of anti-inflammatory mediators of omega-3 fatty acids, particularly DHA derivatives. Consequently, these may affect the level of thyroid hormone synthesis, which should be considered in future research on biological drugs in Hashimoto's therapy.