Development of a System Approach for Adaptation of Current and Design of New Combustion Equipment for Low-Carbon and Sustainable Energy

The transition to low-carbon and sustainable energy is essential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and ensuring energy security.This study introduces a system approach for adapting existing and designing new combustion equipment under new conditions.A thermodynamic analysis based on the T-Q diagram highlights key differences when implementing low-carbon and sustainable fuels, including increased thermal loads in hydrogen-based fuels and lower flame temperatures in biomass co-firing.An initial formulation of a structured system approach is proposed, identifying four critical areas: fuel preparation and transport, combustion process, heat transfer changes in the radiation chamber and convection section and waste heat utilization.Each area requires consideration and/or computational validation to address various risks.The findings emphasize the necessity of a systematic evaluation to maintain safe and reliable operation under new combustion conditions.The proposed framework provides a foundation for future studies in which the system approach should be perfected.