Survival and flight capacity of Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) after exposure to insecticide residues on melon leaves

The bee Apis mellifera is crucial in pollinating melon (Cucumis melo L.) and producing its fruit. Proper use of insecticides and understanding their toxicity to pollinators is necessary to protect bees in the field. This study aimed to evaluate the residual toxicity of insecticides from the anthranilic diamide and spinosyn on A. mellifera. The experiment was conducted under laboratory conditions, evaluating two commercial doses of the anthranilic diamides Chlorantraniliprole, Cyantraniliprole, and Chlorantraniliprole + Abamectin, and the spinosyns Spinetoram and Spinosad when applied to melon leaves. After exposure to insecticide residues, survival for up to 72 hours and flight capacity of bee were assessed. Spinosad, Spinetoram, and Chlorantraniliprole + Abamectin, regardless of the dose, were toxic to bees, causing mortality rates above 85%. Chlorantraniliprole and Cyantraniliprole were less harmful, resulting in lower mortality rates. Anthranilic diamide insecticides did not affect the flight capacity of A. mellifera. Residues from insecticides tested in field doses on melon crops harm the survival of pollinating bees. However, the insecticides Chlorantraniliprole and Cyantraniliprole are viable for use in management strategies that prevent bees from being exposed to highly toxic products.