Taxonomic Revision of Vampire Moths of the Genus Calyptra (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Calpinae) in Chinese Fauna

<i>Calyptra</i> Ochsenheimer, 1816 is an important genus of fruit piercers and blood feeders with 18 described species worldwide. Both sexes of all <i>Calyptra</i> species pierce fruit. Adults feed upon and damage soft-skinned (e.g., <i>Rubus</i> and <i>Vitis</i>) and thicker-skinned fruits (e.g., <i>Ficus</i> and <i>Citrus</i>) in subtropical and tropical Asia. These moths are rare examples of a lepidopteran lineage that uses its fruit-piercing mouthparts to pierce the skin of vertebrate animals occasionally. In China, 10 species of this genus have been reported. Here, we identified seven species of the genus <i>Calyptra</i> Ochsenheimer, 1816 from Chinese fauna, including <i>C. gruesa</i>, <i>C. thalictri</i>, <i>C. hokkaida</i>, <i>C. albivirgata</i>, <i>C. orthograpta</i>, <i>C. fletcheri</i>, and <i>C. lata</i>. Detailed illustrations of male and female external morphology and genital structures are provided. A comprehensive worldwide checklist of the genus <i>Calyptra</i> is also included. This study highlights significant taxonomic revisions and morphological features for this genus within Chinese fauna.