Monte Carlo event generator MC-EKRT with saturated minijet production for initializing <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mn>3</mml:mn><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>)</mml:mo><mml:m

We present a novel Monte Carlo implementation of the EKRT model, MC-EKRT, for computing partonic initial states in high-energy nuclear collisions. Our new MC-EKRT event generator is based on collinearly factorized, dynamically fluctuating perturbative QCD (pQCD) minijet production, supplemented with a saturation conjecture that controls the low-<a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><a:msub><a:mi>p</a:mi><a:mi>T</a:mi></a:msub></a:math> particle production. Previously, the EKRT model has been very successful in describing low-<b:math xmlns:b="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><b:msub><b:mi>p</b:mi><b:mi>T</b:mi></b:msub></b:math> observables at midrapidity in heavy-ion collisions at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). As novel features, our new MC implementation gives a full three-dimensional initial state event by event, includes dynamical minijet-multiplicity fluctuations in the saturation and particle production, introduces a new type of spatially dependent nuclear parton distribution functions, and accounts for the conservation of energy/momentum and valence-quark number. In this proof-of-principle study, we average a large set of event-by-event MC-EKRT initial conditions and compute the rapidity and centrality dependence of the charged hadron multiplicities and elliptic flow for LHC <c:math xmlns:c="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><c:mrow><c:mi>Pb</c:mi><c:mo>+</c:mo><c:mi>Pb</c:mi></c:mrow></c:math> and RHIC <d:math xmlns:d="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><d:mrow><d:mi>Au</d:mi><d:mo>+</d:mo><d:mi>Au</d:mi></d:mrow></d:math> collisions using <e:math xmlns:e="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><e:mrow><e:mo>(</e:mo><e:mn>3</e:mn><e:mo>+</e:mo><e:mn>1</e:mn><e:mo>)</e:mo><e:mi mathvariant="normal">D</e:mi></e:mrow></e:math> viscous fluid-dynamical evolution. Also event-by-event fluctuations and decorrelations of initial eccentricities are studied. The good agreement with the rapidity-dependent data suggests that the same saturation mechanism that has been very successful in explaining the midrapidity observables works well also at larger rapidities.

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Publication Details

Journal
Physical review. C
Published
2025-05-19
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.111.054914
Citations
3
Primary Topic
High-Energy Particle Collisions Research
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
5.61

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article

Monte Carlo event generator MC-EKRT with saturated minijet production for initializing <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mn>3</mml:mn><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>)</mml:mo><mml:m

Yuuka Kanakubo, Jussi Auvinen, H. Niemi, Mikko Kuha et al.
3 citations
Physical review. C
High-Energy Particle Collisions Research
5.61
article

Monte Carlo event generator MC-EKRT with saturated minijet production for initializing <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mn>3</mml:mn><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>)</mml:mo><mml:m

Yuuka Kanakubo, Jussi Auvinen, H. Niemi, Mikko Kuha, K. Eskola, Henry Hirvonen
article en
3 citations

Abstract

We present a novel Monte Carlo implementation of the EKRT model, MC-EKRT, for computing partonic initial states in high-energy nuclear collisions. Our new MC-EKRT event generator is based on collinearly factorized, dynamically fluctuating perturbative QCD (pQCD) minijet production, supplemented with a saturation conjecture that controls the low-<a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><a:msub><a:mi>p</a:mi><a:mi>T</a:mi></a:msub></a:math> particle production. Previously, the EKRT model has been very successful in describing low-<b:math xmlns:b="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><b:msub><b:mi>p</b:mi><b:mi>T</b:mi></b:msub></b:math> observables at midrapidity in heavy-ion collisions at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). As novel features, our new MC implementation gives a full three-dimensional initial state event by event, includes dynamical minijet-multiplicity fluctuations in the saturation and particle production, introduces a new type of spatially dependent nuclear parton distribution functions, and accounts for the conservation of energy/momentum and valence-quark number. In this proof-of-principle study, we average a large set of event-by-event MC-EKRT initial conditions and compute the rapidity and centrality dependence of the charged hadron multiplicities and elliptic flow for LHC <c:math xmlns:c="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><c:mrow><c:mi>Pb</c:mi><c:mo>+</c:mo><c:mi>Pb</c:mi></c:mrow></c:math> and RHIC <d:math xmlns:d="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><d:mrow><d:mi>Au</d:mi><d:mo>+</d:mo><d:mi>Au</d:mi></d:mrow></d:math> collisions using <e:math xmlns:e="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><e:mrow><e:mo>(</e:mo><e:mn>3</e:mn><e:mo>+</e:mo><e:mn>1</e:mn><e:mo>)</e:mo><e:mi mathvariant="normal">D</e:mi></e:mrow></e:math> viscous fluid-dynamical evolution. Also event-by-event fluctuations and decorrelations of initial eccentricities are studied. The good agreement with the rapidity-dependent data suggests that the same saturation mechanism that has been very successful in explaining the midrapidity observables works well also at larger rapidities.

Physical review. CVol. 111(5)
Helsinki Institute of Physics (FI)
Strong, European Commission, Academy of Finland, China Scholarship Council, European Research Council, Jenny ja Antti Wihurin Rahasto, Horizon 2020
Openalex Percentile: Top 5%
High-Energy Particle Collisions Research
5.61
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