Optimization design of single-photon avalanche diodes for Lidar applications

Lidar is a kind of distance sensor, which plays an indispensable role in the realization of autonomous driving. This paper systematically introduces single photon avalanche photodiodes (SPADs) and discusses their main performance parameters. In addition, three methods for improving the reliability of single photon avalanche photodiodes in lidar are summarized, including structural optimization, gating mode, and dynamic biasing methods. Among these three methods, although the dynamic biasing method is targeted at avalanche photodiodes (APDs), combining it with single photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) can also effectively improve the performance of lidar for long-distance detection.