Quantum simulations of macrorealism violation via the quantum nondemolition measurement protocol

The Leggett-Garg inequalities have been proposed to identify the quantum behavior of a system; specifically, the violation of macrorealism. They are usually implemented by performing two sequential measurements on quantum systems, calculating the correlators of such measurements and then combining them arriving at Leggett-Garg inequalities. However, this approach only provides sufficient conditions for the violation of macrorealism. Recently, an alternative approach was proposed that uses nondemolition measurements and gives both a necessary and sufficient condition for the violation of macrorealism. By storing the information in a quantum detector, it is possible to construct a quasiprobability distribution whose negative regions unequivocally identify the quantum behavior of the system. Here, we perform a detailed comparison between these two approaches. The use of the IBM quantum simulators allows us to evaluate the performance in real-case situations and to include both the statistical and environmental noise. We find that the nondemolition approach is not only able to always identify the quantum features, but it requires fewer resources than the standard Leggett-Garg inequalities. In addition, while the efficiency of the latter is strongly affected by the presence of the noise, the nondemolition approach results incredibly robust and its efficiency remains unchanged by the noise. These results make the nondemolition approach a viable alternative to the Leggett-Garg inequalities to identify the violation of macrorealism.

Authors

Institutions

Publication Details

Journal
Physical review. A/Physical review, A
Published
2025-05-19
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.111.052435
Citations
1
Primary Topic
Quantum Mechanics and Applications
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
1.25

Funders

Controls
|||
ALL TIME
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
article

Quantum simulations of macrorealism violation via the quantum nondemolition measurement protocol

Paolo Solinas, M. Cardi, Dario Melegari
1 citations
Physical review. A/Physical review, A
Quantum Mechanics and Applications
1.25
article

Quantum simulations of macrorealism violation via the quantum nondemolition measurement protocol

Paolo Solinas, M. Cardi, Dario Melegari
article en
1 citations

Abstract

The Leggett-Garg inequalities have been proposed to identify the quantum behavior of a system; specifically, the violation of macrorealism. They are usually implemented by performing two sequential measurements on quantum systems, calculating the correlators of such measurements and then combining them arriving at Leggett-Garg inequalities. However, this approach only provides sufficient conditions for the violation of macrorealism. Recently, an alternative approach was proposed that uses nondemolition measurements and gives both a necessary and sufficient condition for the violation of macrorealism. By storing the information in a quantum detector, it is possible to construct a quasiprobability distribution whose negative regions unequivocally identify the quantum behavior of the system. Here, we perform a detailed comparison between these two approaches. The use of the IBM quantum simulators allows us to evaluate the performance in real-case situations and to include both the statistical and environmental noise. We find that the nondemolition approach is not only able to always identify the quantum features, but it requires fewer resources than the standard Leggett-Garg inequalities. In addition, while the efficiency of the latter is strongly affected by the presence of the noise, the nondemolition approach results incredibly robust and its efficiency remains unchanged by the noise. These results make the nondemolition approach a viable alternative to the Leggett-Garg inequalities to identify the violation of macrorealism.

Physical review. A/Physical review, AVol. 111(5)
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Genova (IT), University of Genoa (IT)
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
Gender equality
Openalex Percentile: Top 21%
Quantum Mechanics and Applications
1.25
AI Navigator

Ask Laika to Summarize, Analyze, and Connect papers live on the map.

Summarize Papers & Methodologies

Extract key findings, datasets, and comparative methods across publications.

Benchmark Rankings & Visual Analytics

Rank top research institutions, authors, funders, topics, and journals by Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) and paper volume with instant charts.

Connect Distant Disciplines

Bridge topological clusters on the map to find hidden collaborative intersections.