High-Entropy Analog-Based Strong PUF Reaching 166 F2/Bit Area-to-Entropy-Ratio

In the field of hardware security, Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs) have emerged as a critical technology for ensuring the uniqueness and integrity of electronic devices [1]. One of the main distinctions lies in the challenge-response behavior [2]: weak PUFs have a small number of challenge-response pairs (CRPs) and are usually employed for secure key storage or device identification; strong PUFs are more resistant to modeling attacks due to the vast number of CRPs and are used in challenge-response authentication systems. One of the key parameters that measures the PUF security level is the entropy. <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\vert \mathrm{n}$</tex> our study, we used as a measure for entropy the minimum size of a random digital memory that could effectively reproduce the PUF behavior.