Expanding the Initial Dynamic Model of CE with the Nordic Power System and Real-Time Implementation

This paper presents the results of a research work accomplished to expand the initial dynamic model of Continental Europe (IDMCE) with the Nordic power system model (NPSM), where a pseudo steady-state HVDC representation for electromechanical transient stability studies on the AC system was used to model the interconnection link. The appropriate response of the independent grid models was firstly verified by power flow computations and time domain simulations in PSS/E. Then, they were manually integrated as separate areas into one extended system in PSS/E and linked with a CDC4T type HVDC line. After evaluating the performance of the extended model in the initial format, it was transferred to OPAL-RT ePHASORsim for transient stability simulations in offline mode and in real-time on the RT-LAB enabled simulator. Base case scenarios were used to qualitatively assess the dynamic performance of the expanded grid considering no fault conditions and step changes on the reference signal of the converter controlling power. Real-time simulation results show expected system performance in terms of transient frequency deviations and new steady state operating points. The extended power system model is intended to be used for multiple applications, including the development and evaluation of advanced functionalities for mutual frequency support under real-time hardware-in-the-loop simulation setups.