Cooperative Operation for Multiagent Energy Systems Integrated With Wind, Hydrogen, and Buildings: An Asymmetric Nash Bargaining Approach

To solve the profit allocation problem among multiagent energy systems (MAESs), this study proposes a cooperative operation strategy for the MAES integrated with wind, hydrogen, and buildings based on the asymmetric Nash bargaining (NB) approach. The modeling of the MAES, including wind farms, hydrogen systems, and buildings is conducted, with detailed electrical and thermal characteristics used to improve operation flexibility while ensuring the users’ comfort. To solve the issue of equal profit allocation in symmetric NB, this article proposes using asymmetric NB to achieve a rational profit allocation. Functions are constructed to quantify the agents’ contributions, which are then used as bargaining power in the asymmetric NB process to realize an asymmetric profit allocation. Furthermore, the proposed distributed algorithm three-stage predictor-corrector accelerated alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) algorithm can improve solving efficiency and preserve information privacy. The case studies show that compared with equal profit allocation by symmetric NB, the proposed asymmetric NB-based strategy can acknowledge each agent's contribution and allocate agents with profits that correspond to their respective contributions. The fairness and rationality of the asymmetric profit allocation method can benefit the cooperative relationships among agents.