Two-Dimensional Beam Scanning in a Metasurface Lens Antenna With 1-D Mechanical Movement

A metasurface lens antenna consisting of a patch antenna and two passive metasurfaces that can achieve dynamic two-dimensional (2D) beam scanning through one-dimensional (1D) displacement is proposed in this communication. By elaborately designing the phase distributions of the two metasurfaces, beam scanning in the x-direction and y-direction can be realized respectively with the movements of the patch antenna and one metasurface in the x-direction. It is verified through simulation and experiments that a scanning range of about 74° can be achieved in the x-direction and a scanning range of about 109° can be achieved in the y-direction at 12 GHz. The method proposed in this communication provides a new reference for beam scanning antennas and has great potential for those cases with limited space margin in a single direction.