Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Infection in Pregnancy Resulting in Neonatal Mortality Due to Congenital CMV: A Case Report

Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection is a major cause of neonatal morbidity that can be easily overlooked, as only a few cases are symptomatic, leading to severe complications such as hearing loss, developmental delays, and brain damage. It is one of the most common congenital infections. A 37-year-old woman with a high-risk pregnancy, including preeclampsia and type 2 diabetes, presented at 30+2 weeks gestation with abdominal pain and reduced fetal movements. Ultrasound revealed intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and abnormal Doppler findings, prompting an emergency cesarean section. The newborn, weighing 1100g, showed signs of CMV infection, including jaundice and hepatosplenomegaly, which was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing. Despite antiviral treatment, the infant's condition deteriorated with progressive neurological issues, such as intracranial hemorrhage and hydrocephalus, ultimately leading to death on day 39. This case highlights the severe consequences of undiagnosed CMV infection in high-risk pregnancies. It emphasizes the importance of early intervention and routine screening for maternal CMV infection in such cases.