Water-Repellent and UV-Resistant Properties of Polyester Fabric with Water-Based Carbon Black by Coating

Carbon black, as a pigment, has the characteristics of antiultraviolet and antistatic properties and has a wide range of applications in rubber, smart wear, and textiles. In this study, water-based carbon black with good dispersion properties was prepared by mechanical high-speed shear and applied to a polyester fabric. The particle size, placement stability, and rheology of water-based carbon black were investigated. The carbon black is successfully loaded onto the polyester fabric (PET) by scraping and coating. The effect of carbon black concentration on the antiultraviolet and water-repellent properties of polyester fabric was discussed. The results show that the average particle size of liquid carbon black is 240 nm, PDI = 0.375, the particle size of self-made liquid carbon black in the laboratory is normally distributed, stored for 90 days, and the particle size increases slightly. The relationship between shear stress and shear rate of liquid carbon black can be described by the power exponential equation, and the relationship between viscosity and shear rate can be described by the Morgan Mercer Florin formula. When the amount of CB is 10%, the UV radiation protection factor (UPF) of the PET fabric is 164.66, and the UV resistance of the fabric is more than 2 times higher than that of the original fabric. The water contact angle of the PET/CB fabric is 126.6°. After 300 times of friction and 10 times of washing, the UPF remained 146.01 and 126.61, and the contact angle decreased to 106° and 111.4°, respectively. The air permeability and moisture permeability are improved by 30 and 16%, respectively. When the amount of carbon black is less than 10%, the dry and wet friction fastness of the fabric is higher than 3/4, which provides a new preparation method for functional finishing and dyeing of the polyester fabric.