Real-time detection system for preventing tissue damage in cryotherapy through temperature and bioimpedance monitoring

• A monitoring system has been developed to enable early detection of skin freezing through continuous assessment of temperature and bioimpedance, allowing real-time identification of tissue freezing events. • Two algorithms were implemented to detect variations in temperature and bioimpedance associated with tissue freezing. • These algorithms effectively minimize tissue damage, reduce the need for further healing treatment, and significantly improve the safety and efficacy of temperature-based therapies. • The results demonstrate that bioimpedance-based detection is significantly more effective than temperature-based methods. • The findings suggest that a future approach involves integrating both systems to reduce false positive rate and further improve safety in cryotherapy devices. Cryotherapy lowers tissue temperature for therapeutic benefits, but improper application can cause freezing and crystallization, leading to apoptosis. To improve safety, a monitoring system was developed to detect skin freezing through continuous temperature and bioimpedance assessment. Two algorithms were implemented to detect freezing variations, achieving accuracies of 80% and 96.3%. By detecting freezing early, these algorithms reduced tissue damage and enhanced the safety of temperature-based therapies. Bioimpedance detection outperformed temperature-based methods due to its higher detection rate, as freezing detection was less dependent on sensor positioning. The study suggested integrating both methods to reduce false positives and improve cryotherapy safety.