Perception and Usage of Filtered Khaini (Shamma Al-HOT) Among University Students in Taiz City, Yemen: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Objectives: This study explores the prevalence, awareness, and risks associated with using Filter Khaini (Shamma Al-HOT) among university and college students in Taiz, Yemen. It aims to assess the factors influencing its use and propose prevention strategies. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 435 students, analyzing stimulant consumption patterns, awareness of health risks, and motivations for use. Data were collected via a structured questionnaire. Results: The study found that 29.89% of students used stimulants, with Qat (62.30%) being the most consumed, followed by smoking (16.32%) and Shamma Al-HOT (11.49%). Over half (51.49%) of students had prior knowledge of Shamma Al-HOT, but 67.35% were unaware of its ingredients. Peer influence (17.93%) was a key initiation factor. Most students (54.71%) recognized its health risks, while 21.39% lacked awareness. Reported adverse effects included health issues (40%) and psychological effects (30.12%). Cancer (2.98%) and oral infections were noted risks. While 21.15% wished to quit, 15.86% felt addicted. Conclusion: The study highlights the urgent need for awareness campaigns, stricter regulations, and accessible treatment centers to combat Shamma Al-HOT use. A multi-sectoral approach involving families, educational institutions, media, and law enforcement is essential for prevention and intervention.