Artificial intelligence in vegetable crops: recent advances and prospects

Vegetables play a critical role in the agricultural economy, food security, and ecological sustainability. The acceleration of productivity enhancement in high-quality vegetable industries should align with the development of the new era. Notably, artificial intelligence (AI) technology demonstrates significant potential in vegetable industry applications. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of emerging AI-driven innovations in vegetable crop research, exploring their key applications in phenotypic data acquisition, genomics, intelligent production, and high-quality variety breeding. Additionally, reasonable suggestions are provided for data collection and model construction. In summary, by integrating cutting-edge progress and prospective analysis, this review provides a practical technical path for the construction of accurate and sustainable vegetable production systems driven by AI technology.