International Trade and FDI: trends, challenges, controversies

International trade and FDI are marked by new trends and challenges at the international level, and by a complex and constantly changing economic landscape. Factors such as sustainable development and the green economy, digitization and technology, geopolitical factors and innovative research methodologies significantly influence trade and investment. In the context of globalization, the growth of international trade, influenced by the increase in the share of services and electronic commerce and the decrease in FDI flows and the economic instability generated by the deglobalization of production, geopolitical tensions and fracturing along geopolitical lines and global value chains, are just some of the global trends and challenges in trade and investment, the overall landscape being much more complex.