The Development of Buddhist Botanical Patterns in China and Thailand

Background and Aim: Buddhist botanical patterns are an important cultural phenomenon formed during the spread of Buddhism from India, aimed at conveying and promoting Buddhist cultural thoughts. Buddhism is the major religion in both China and Thailand, yet there has been limited research on the development and study of Buddhist botanical patterns in these countries, which hinders cultural exchange and dissemination. Therefore, the purpose of this research is: (1) to Investigate the evolution of Buddhist botanical motifs in China and Thailand; (2) to analyze the distinct characteristics of Buddhist botanical motifs across Chinese and Thai contexts; (3) to examine the critical role of intercultural exchange in the development and diversification of cultural expressions. Materials and Methods: This research will employ the following methodologies: (1) literature review, to compile and examine the historical evolution of Buddhist plant motifs in China and Thailand, and (2) comparative analysis, conducting horizontal comparisons of key cases to analyze the distinctive decorative characteristics of Buddhist plant motifs. Additionally, vertical analysis of various decorative themes will be performed to map the design trajectory and trace the historical origins of these motifs. Results: This research reveals that, while both China and Thailand have integrated botanical elements into Buddhist art, each country possesses distinct cultural, historical, and religious contexts that shape differences in symbolic meanings and artistic expressions. The evolution of botanical motifs is also closely intertwined with contemporary socioeconomic conditions, trade relations, and endorsements by ruling authorities. Conclusion: Plant motifs serve not only as a medium for artistic expression but also as an essential avenue for understanding Buddhist culture in both countries. The fusion of culture and religion has fostered the development of intercultural exchange. This study provides insights into modern design practices, showcasing the potential applications of traditional plant motifs in contemporary art.