Analysis of Blood Metal Ion Levels in Patients with Dental Implants

Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the levels of titanium and aluminium ions in the blood of dental implant patients to assess their systemic impact. Materials and methods: The study enrolled 30 patients aged 18-45 years who required dental implants in either jaw, with inclusion criteria of missing teeth and age between 18-45 years. Exclusion criteria included patients with underlying medical conditions, those on corticosteroids or other medications, and those with a history of orthopedic or dental implants. Demographic details such as name, age, and gender were recorded. A comprehensive oral examination was followed by CBCT imaging of the recipient site to assess bone quality, including height, width, anatomical structures, bone type, and pathologies. A 5 ml venous blood sample was collected for measuring titanium and aluminium ions. All participants underwent dental implant insertion using. Post-operatively, patients were recalled at intervals of 4 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year for ion assessment. Statistical analysis was performed, and a p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The patient distribution based on gender revealed that 60% (18) were male and 40% (12) were female out of a total of 30 patients. The titanium ion levels were measured at different time points as follows: Pre-operatively, the mean titanium ion level was 1.56 mg/dl with a standard deviation of 0.12. At 4 weeks post-surgery, the level decreased to 1.43 mg/dl (SD = 0.14), and at 6 months, it slightly increased to 1.45 mg/dl (SD = 0.17). After one year, the level was 1.51 mg/dl (SD = 0.21). The p-value for the pre-operative comparison was 0.26, suggesting no statistically significant change. Regarding aluminium ion levels, pre-operatively, the mean level was 3.06 mg/dl with a standard deviation of 0.10. At 4 weeks post-surgery, it increased to 3.34 mg/dl (SD = 0.15), and at 6 months, it further rose to 3.51 mg/dl (SD = 0.18). After one year, the level was 3.61 mg/dl (SD = 0.25). The p-value for the pre-operative comparison was 0.30, indicating no statistically significant difference at that stage. Conclusion: No significant change in the titanium and aluminium ion levels in the blood was observed in patients who received dental implants.