Genre knowledge: a metacognitive approach to exploring document practices in science

Introduction. This paper examines genre knowledge and its influence on scientists’ interactions with various document types, or genres, throughout the scientific process. Method. The paper reviews genre theory, including its applications in prior research within library and information science. Then, it presents a scenario involving a molecular biologist, based on findings from science and technology studies. Analysis. The analysis traces the biologist’s activities within the scenario, outlining the creation and use of various genres during data collection, analysis and reporting. Results. A research agenda based on genre knowledge is proposed to help scholars and practitioners in library and information science better understand and support scientists’ interactions with genres. Conclusion. The paper advocates for studying genre knowledge to further develop theoretical and practical insights into scientists’ document practices. This approach bridges cognitive and sociocultural perspectives on information interactions, and may clarify how emerging scientists acquire these skills.