Research Progress on Traditional Chinese Medicine and Its Active Components in the Prevention and Treatment of Interstitial Lung Diseases

间质性肺疾病(interstitial lung disease, ILD)是一组以肺间质炎症和纤维化为主要表现的异质性疾病，临床患者常见呼吸困难、咳嗽、异常疲倦、乏力等症状。该病病因复杂，临床表现缺乏特异性，影像、病理改变复杂多样，且缺乏针对性的预防和治疗手段。本文就近5年ILD的主要发病机制以及中药及其活性成分对ILD干预机制的实验研究情况进行综述，为深入研究中药抗ILD的作用机制提供参考和依据。Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a heterogeneous group of diseases with lung interstitial inflammation and fibrosis as the main manifestations, and clinical patients often have symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, abnormal tiredness, and fatigue. The etiology of the disease is complex, the clinical manifestations lack specificity, the imaging and pathological changes are complex and diverse, and there is a lack of targeted prevention and treatment methods. This article reviews the main pathogenesis of ILD and the experimental research on the intervention mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine and its active ingredients on ILD in the past five years, so as to provide a reference and basis for in-depth research on the mechanism of action of traditional Chinese medicine against ILD.