PUFA, psoriasis and atherosclerotic CVD: evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database 2003–2006 and 2009–2014

This study aimed to investigate the potential effect of PUFA intake on the association between psoriasis and 10-year atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD) risk. Data of this study were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database 2003-2006 and 2009-2014. The 10-year ASCVD risk score was calculated based on American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines, and the subjects were stratified into high 10-year ASCVD risk (≥ 7·5 %) and low 10-year ASCVD risk (< 7·5 %), accordingly. The weighted univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were utilised to evaluate the effect of total PUFA and its subtypes intake on the association between psoriasis and 10-year ASCVD risk. This effect was further evaluated in the subgroup of subjects aged ≥ 60 and < 60 years old. A total of 8705 participants were included, with 41·02 % (<i>n</i> 3571) in the high 10-year ASCVD risk (≥ 7·5 %). We observed subjects with psoriasis (OR 1·65; 95 % CI 1·02, 2·67) and low <i>n</i>-3 intake (OR 1·27; 95 % CI 1·025, 1·53) were associated with high 10-year ASCVD risk; no significant association was found between <i>n</i>-6 and 10-year ASCVD risk. The moderating effect of <i>n</i>-3 intake on the association between psoriasis and 10-year ASCVD risk was observed (OR 2·56; 95 % CI 1·04, 6·26). We also found among the <i>n</i>-3 components, <i>α</i>-linolenic acid (OR 2·72; 95 % CI 1·10, 6·70) had a more significant moderating effect on the association between psoriasis and 10-year ASCVD risk, especially in the subjects aged < 60 years (OR 2·41; 95 % CI 1·36, 4·28). Adequate intake of <i>n</i>-3, especially <i>α</i>-linolenic acid, may have potential benefits on improving cardiovascular health in psoriasis patients.