Dynamic motion response of a large-scale steel aquaculture cage during towing

As global aquaculture ventures further into offshore environments, the safe transport of large-scale aquaculture net cages across varied marine conditions has become a critical technical concern. This study conducts a detailed numerical simulation of the wet towing process for an octagonal aquaculture cage using AQWA software, systematically examining the effects of towline length, towing speed, towing configuration, and environmental factors on the cage’s dynamic response and towline load characteristics. The findings reveal that towline length and towing speed are pivotal in determining the pitch amplitude of the cage and the resulting towline tension. Compared to a towline length of 200 m, using a towline length of 150 m combined with a towing speed of 0.5 m/s reduces pitch amplitude by 51.6% and towline tension by 24.8%. Additionally, an interval towing arrangement significantly enhances cage stability while minimizing towline stress. Under conditions of low wave height and longer wave period, the cage’s motion response remains stable, contributing to enhanced transport safety. This research offers critical theoretical foundations and optimization strategies for the wet towing design considerations of offshore aquaculture cages, providing valuable insights to advance transport safety in challenging marine environments.