Tracking Endemic Disease Patterns: An Observational Approach to Understanding Impact and Risk

Aim: To assess the prevalence and spread of endemic disease among the patients admitted to District Government General Hospital Rajahmundry over a specific time period.Objectives: to determine the overall frequency of endemic diseases among patients who are admitted in District Hospital Rajahmundry.Identify the most common and often endemic diseases diagnosed among the patients.Analyze seasonal patterns in disease prevalence and spread.Methodology: a prospective observational study over six-months was conducted to assess the prevalence of specific diseases and their co-morbidities at a 500-bed Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital spanning from November 2023 to April 2024.The study focused on identifying various diseases with diverse clinical spectrums and associated risk factors.Data was collected from patient case surveys, capturing demographic and diagnostic details.The age groups ranging from under 20 to over 81 years were included and categorized into distinct groups for analysis.Results: In our study, the endemicity of HIV was found to be the maximum out of all the other diseases i.e., 17%, Dengue ranks the second highest i.e., 12.9%, followed by malaria 'which shows 10.5%, after that CKD ranks next to the former and its percentage is 9.2 %, followed by the others like TB , Pancreatitis, CLD etc. Conclusion:the most prevalent diseases are HIV (17%), dengue (12.9), malaria (10.5%),CKD (9.2), Tuberculosis (8.2) respectively.The least prevalent diseases are found to hepatitis A (0.4%), influenza (2.0%), hepatitis C (2.6%).