Green Synthesis and Characterization of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles from A Novel Strain of Bacillus Licheniformis and Evaluating Its Antimicrobial Activity

Background: Metal reduction through particular metabolic pathways of different organisms has been determined as a possible source of nanoparticles production. Objectives: This study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) using a novel strain of Bacillus licheniformis as a source of the reducing and stabilizing agent. Methodology: Synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles was examined by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The antimicrobial activity of NPs against Staphylococcus aureus, E.coli and Candida albicans was assessed. Additionally, this study investigated the combined effects of the IONPs with some commonly used antibiotics and antifungals Results: Synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles was successful with three molar ratios. TEM showed spherical morphology and 48±9 nm average size distribution, particles with a size range from 34.74-52.44 nm. Iron oxide nanoparticles exhibit potent antibacterial activity and can enhance the efficacy of certain antibiotics..Conclusion: This study suggested the potential of IONPs as a promising approach to overcome antimicrobial resistance and improve the treatment of infectious diseases