Overcrowded Classrooms and their Impact on Academic Confidence and Performance: A Study of University Students in Gwadar

The impact of overcrowded classroom on students’ academic confidence and academic performance is explored in this study. This quantitative study revealed a significant negative relationship between classroom overcrowding and both academic confidence and performance indicating that as class size increased, students’ confidence and academic performance decreased. Moreover, female students showed higher academic confidence and performance than their male counterparts. The study determines that overcrowded classrooms adversely affect student outcomes and recommends reducing class sizes, hiring more qualified teachers, and incorporating gender-responsive teaching strategies. These findings provide valuable insights for educators, administrators, and policymakers working to improve educational quality and student well-being in higher education settings.