Lexical-semantic group “War and Weapon” in the Crimean Tatar language

The military lexicon was already formed in the common Turkic period and covers almost all spheres of military affairs. This lexicon consists of common Turkic, common Altaic and borrowed words. The article comprehensively examines in synchronic and diachronic aspects the lexical-semantic group «war and weapons» of the Crimean Tatar language. By means of comparative analysis, the common Altaic, common Turkic, native and borrowed strata of the lexicon are revealed. It confirms that most of them, with changing social conditions, are forgotten and turn into archaisms and historicisms. In this regard, from dictionaries, fiction and respondents, all words belonging to this area are collected and fixed (about 200 lexical units are collected), historical and etymological analysis is given, as well as an evaluation of the semantic and functional features of these lexical units in the modern language. Paradigmatic relations are studied, and as a result, 25 synonymous series are identified. The appearance of synonyms of the lexical-semantic group «war and weapons» is connected with the emergence of new words, with the peculiarities of lexical dialectisms, with Arab-Persian and Russian (or penetrated from Western European languages through Russian) borrowings. In the modern Crimean Tatar language such borrowings constitute the main part of the military vocabulary.