Effect of Sowing Dates, Plant Distributions and Densities and Nitrogen Levels on Earliness and Seed Yield of Canola

In the 2022–2023 and 2023–2024 seasons, 2 field tests were implemented at the Sakha Agricultural Researches Station Farm, ARC, Egypt to improve seed yield of promising canola line 1056 by some agricultural treatments i.e. varying sowing dates (15th Oct., 1st Nov. and 15th Nov.), plant distribution patterns as hill distances spacings (10 and 20 cm apart) and No. of plants per hill (one and two/hill), resulting three plant densities (35000, 70000 and 140000 plants/fed) and nitrogen (N) levels (30, 45 and 60 kg N/fed). Three replications of the experimental field were accomplished using a randomized complete block design in a split-split plots system. Early sowing of canola on15th October significantly produced highest days to 10, 50 and 100 % flowering, days to physiological maturity, yields of seed per plant and per feddan. Plant density at 70000 plants/fed, that obtained from 20.0 cm among hills and letting 2 plants per hill combined with a notable rise in seed yield/fed. The highest means of days to 10, 50%, and 100% flowering, days to physiological maturity, and yield of seed per plant and per feddan were obtained when 60 kg N/fed fertilizer was used. It is possible to infer from the study's results that sowing canola plants in hills, 20.0 cm far away and leaving two plant per hill (70000 plants/fed) on early date of (15th October) and applying 60 kg N/fed to plants in order to maximize seed yield in the environmental circumstances of Sakha District, Kafrelsheikh Governorate, Egypt.