Cancer incidence in young adults aged 20 to 44 years old in the Siberian Federal District

Background. The cancer incidence in young adults has been steadily rising worldwide and in Russia. According to Globocan, the number of cancer cases in both men and women aged 20–44 years is expected to increase by 14 % in 2045 compared to 2022. Given the decline in the number of young adults in Russia, including the Siberian Federal District (SFD), the study of cancer incidence among them is of current interest. The purpose of the study was to assess the incidence of the most common cancers in young men and women aged 20 to 44 years in the SFD. Material and Methods. The study used data from the state medical statistics reports (form 7, “Information on malignant neoplasms”) of the SFD subjects, as well as data on the age and sex composition of the population of these territories for 2014–2023. The analysis was carried out using the z-criterion and regression analysis. Results. In 2023, in young men of the SFD, hemoblastosis was the most common cancer (14.6 %) followed by colorectal (10.7 %) and kidney (9.8 %) cancers. In young women, the most common cancers were breast (28.5 %) cervical (16.0 %) and thyroid (9.1 %) cancers. In young men of the SFD, the incidence rates increased (p<0.05) for hemoblastosis to 9.5 0/0000 (growth rate of 5.1 %), thyroid cancer to 3.8 0/ 0000 (+82.1 %), skin cancer to 5.0 0/0000 (+24.0 %) and decreased (p<0.05) for lung cancer to 3.8 0/0000 (decrease rate of 20.6 %), stomach cancer to 2.5 0/0000 (-29.4 %). Among young women of the SFD, the incidence rates increased (p<0.05) for breast cancer to 34.3 0/0000 (increase rate of 34.5 %), colon cancer to 6.4 0/ 0000 (+41.2 %), thyroid cancer to 13.30/0000 (+39.8 %), skin cancer to 6.3 0/0000 (+37.5 %), stomach cancer to 2.8 0/ 0000 (+41.2 %), oral cavity cancer to 1.2 0/0000 (+145.9 %) and decreased (p<0.05) for cervical cancer to 20.6 0/ 0000 (decrease rate of 22.3 %). Conclusion. The results of the study update the development of new organizational and clinical algorithms for medical observation of young men and women for the purpose of prevention or early diagnosis of tumor pathology, including for creating the feasibility of performing organpreserving treatment while preserving the reproductive potential of young patients.