Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury Admitted to the ICU: A Retrospective Study at CHU Hassan II

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and serious complication in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), increasing the risk of morbidity and mortality in the intensive care unit (ICU). Objective: To determine the incidence, risk factors, and impact of AKI in patients admitted for TBI in a Moroccan ICU. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted over 12 months at CHU Hassan II, including adult patients with isolated TBI. AKI was defined using KDIGO criteria. Clinical, biological, and therapeutic data were analyzed to identify associated factors and outcomes. Results: Among 61 patients, 31 (50.8%) developed AKI. Significant risk factors included advanced age, comorbidities (diabetes, hypertension), exposure to nephrotoxic agents, and transfusions. AKI was associated with prolonged ICU stay and increased mortality (58.1% vs. 6.7%, p < 0.01). Conclusion: AKI is frequent in TBI patients and significantly worsens prognosis. Early detection and prevention strategies are essential to improve outcomes.