Impact of high-frequency electromagnetic fields in railway compartment for various numerical models

Abstract The influence of radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields (EMF) on human occupants within shielded regions of railway compartment is being investigated in this study using the CST Studio Suite program. The simulations investigate the specific absorption rate (SAR) for 1 g and 10 g of human tissue in nine carefully selected settings, with a focus on a Planar Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA) operating at 1800 MHz. Within the limited space of the railway wagon compartment, these positions symbolize various spots of the possible human body occurrence. Three human models were analyzed: a multilayer adult model, a child complex model, and an adult female complex model. For the multilayer model, the highest SAR values were 2.41 W/kg for the 1 g method and 0.93 W/kg for the 10 g method. For the child model, SAR values ranged from 1.99 to 2.12 W/kg (1 g method) and from 1.38 to 1.47 W/kg (10 g method), with the highest observed near metallic walls. The adult female model demonstrated distinct SAR patterns, with maximum values of 1.63 W/kg (1 g method) and 0.76 W/kg (10 g method) observed in central compartment positions. Results indicate significant variability in SAR values depending on position and anatomical model, emphasizing the influence of reflection and absorption effects within confined metallic environments.