The role of community and supportive environment in the socialization of mothers: based on 10 in-depth interviews with Ukrainian women

The article examines the socialization of mothers within a community environment, emphasizing both material and non-material factors influencing their well-being and professional reintegration. In the context of the full-scale war in Ukraine, issues of demography and reproductive labor have gained renewed relevance. While demographic discussions often center on state policies and financial aid, this study highlights the critical role of social attitudes, emotional well-being, and inclusive public spaces in shaping maternal experiences. Based on 10 in-depth interviews with Ukrainian mothers, the research explores how social surroundings impact their adaptation to motherhood. Findings reveal that beyond financial support and maternity leave, a supportive and inclusive environment plays a decisive role in successful socialization. Mothers seek meaningful social interactions, cultural engagement, and professional opportunities, aiming to preserve their identities beyond caregiving. Key challenges include underdeveloped child-friendly infrastructure, societal stigmatization, and conflicting expectations. Respondents stress the importance of support networks, including feminist communities and peer groups, which significantly reduce psychological stress in early motherhood. Childcare accessibility is also a crucial factor influencing career prospects and overall well-being. The study calls for a shift in public discourse – from viewing mothers solely as agents of child socialization to recognizing their own socialization needs. Future research should focus on policy recommendations to foster a more supportive society, including flexible childcare, family-friendly workplaces, and an inclusive cultural environment.