The epidemiological aspects and the main directions of the development of protective drugs in relation to mpox

The termination of vaccination after the elimination of smallpox currently, it has led to the fact that a significant part of the population has become highly susceptible to orthopoxvirus infection, including those with a zoonotic reservoir. Of these infections, the greatest danger to public health is monkey pox. The purpose of this review is to evaluate of potential danger of monkey pox proliferation in non-endemic territories in conditions of a decrease in the level of anti-inflammatory herd immunity the largest outbreak of monkey pox in the entire history of observations started in May 2022, spread to all inhabited continents is considered. Possible causes of the outbreak (a new path of pathogen transmission, the appearance of the monkey pox virus in the course of natural evolution of the variant, characterized by new properties, a decrease in the level of anti-inflammatory herd immunity) are analyzed.