Examination of the Interaction of Tourism Seasonality, Hospitality Enterprise Size, and Patronage Rate in Visitor Flow Dynamics in Kisumu Region, Kenya

Tourism seasonality has significantly impacted hospitality enterprises' financial stability and operational efficiency. However, its interaction with enterprise size and patronage rate remains underexplored, particularly in urban destinations such as Kisumu Region, Kenya. This study examines how tourism seasonality, hospitality enterprise size, and patronage rate influence visitor flow dynamics. A mixed-methods research design was adopted; the study integrated quantitative analysis of visitor numbers with qualitative insights from key industry stakeholders. Results indicate that Seasonality significantly affects visitor numbers, with larger enterprises exhibiting more pronounced seasonal fluctuations than smaller ones. However, patronage rates do not significantly moderate these trends, suggesting that customer behavior remains relatively consistent across seasons. The results highlight the need for tailored business strategies based on enterprise size and policy interventions to promote Kisumu as a year-round destination. The study contributes to the broader discourse on sustainable tourism management by providing empirical insights that inform business resilience and policy Planning in seasonally affected urban tourism destinations.