EXPORT-IMPORT POTENTIAL OF PORT BUSINESS ENTERPRISES

Ports serve as key logistical hubs that handle the majority of a country's export-import operations. The export-import potential of port business enterprises remains underutilized due to outdated infrastructure, low levels of digitalization, and Ukraine's geopolitical position, which has worsened as a result of the full-scale war. A significant portion of the port infrastructure has been lost, and the number of operational ports has decreased to six, severely limiting cargo turnover and complicating logistics processes. This highlights the urgent need to analyze the export-import potential of Ukrainian port enterprises to ensure its effective utilization and development.This article defines the concept of export-import potential for port business enterprises, outlines its structure, and analyzes the current state of export-import potential in Ukraine and its port business sector. The export-import potential of port enterprises encompasses the resources and capabilities available to these enterprises for conducting foreign trade operations effectively. This includes their ability to receive, process, and store cargo, ensuring optimal logistics, fast handling times, and competitive conditions for international trade. It also accounts for infrastructural capacity, technological equipment, digitalization levels, workforce potential, and adaptability to global market changes.The main challenges hindering the development of port operations have been identified, including the insufficient capacity of Danube ports, high risks to shipping in the Black Sea, rising logistics costs, and a lack of investment in infrastructure modernization.Based on the findings, recommendations are provided for improving the management of the export-import potential of port business enterprises. These include modernizing port infrastructure, integrating with European logistics networks, and digitalizing business processes. Implementing these measures will support the post-war recovery of the sector, boost foreign economic activity, and enhance Ukraine's competitiveness in the global market