Some aspects of the pathogenesis of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS): pathohistology, molecular mechanisms and biomarkers (literature review)

Aim - to study the current state of the pathogenesis of abnormal placental invasion, existing scientific research and potential future ways of predicting and screening for abnormal placental invasion in pregnant women. To identify relevant information on placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) for the review, a database of modern scientific literature (2014–2024) was analyzed namely, from such scientific-metric databases as Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar and the Web of Science databases. This review is to analyze the current literature on the molecular mechanisms and pathological signaling pathways associated with PAS. We assessed the state of the available data on the role of some proteins, chemokines and other biomarkers of trophoblastic invasion. In addition, we reviewed the data on the participation of epigenetic modifications and genes in key regulatory processes of trophoblastic invasion, including apoptosis, cell proliferation, invasion and inflammation. Conclusion: Investigation of signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of PAS may provide valuable tools for the development of targeted therapies. Therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways may potentially inhibit abnormal placental invasion and angiogenesis. The authors declare no conflict of interest.