Medicinal plant use and conservation in Tanzania: perspectives from university of Dodoma students

Limited access to modern medicine has led to a continued reliance on herbal remedies, yet many medicinal plant species face threats of endangerment. The study examined the use and conservation of medicinal plants in Tanzania, highlighting their essential role in healthcare and biodiversity preservation. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 395 undergraduate students at the University of Dodoma, representing 19 regions across Tanzania. The study explored patterns of herbal medicine use, conditions treated, and conservation practices. Statistical analyses, including chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression, assessed associations between key variables. Findings revealed that 64% of participants used herbal medicines. The students identified 26 plant species used as remedies for various ailments. Aloe spp. and Azadirachta indica being the most commonly utilised species. About 69% relied on these remedies for specific health conditions, while others used them for immunity enhancement, skincare, and weight management. The most frequently treated ailments included gastrointestinal disorders, urogenital issues, and skin conditions. The likelihood of medicinal plant use was significantly associated with gender, area of residence, family economic activity, and students’ year of study. Conservation measures reported included seed preservation, domestication, and adherence to traditional harvesting practices. The findings highlight the need to integrate traditional medicine into national health policies to improve healthcare accessibility while ensuring the sustainable use of medicinal plants. Strengthening regulatory frameworks and enhancing community involvement in conservation efforts are recommended to safeguard endangered species and promote long-term sustainability.