The effects of glucocorticosteroids and their specific usage in athletes

ntroduction. It is well known that, since ancient times, athletes have used various prohibited substances to enhance their physical performance. Glucocorticosteroids, hormonal preparations synthesized by the adrenal glands and their synthetic analogues, are used for their analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, which can mask the sensation of fatigue. Additionally, these hormones can produce a mildly euphoric state, which may distort the athlete’s true performance. Materials and Methods. The analysis is based on a review of existing literature and studies concerning the use of glucocorticosteroids in sports. The effects of these steroids on physical performance and the impact of their administration. Results. The use of glucocorticosteroids, regardless of the route of administration, is prohibited during sporting competitions. Observed effects include masking the sensation of fatigue and influencing the athlete’s euphoric state, thus providing a distorted view of true performance. Local injections, including intra-articular and peritendinous injections, are included in the list of banned substances. Conclusions. Glucocorticosteroids can significantly impact athletic performance by masking fatigue and inducing an euphoric state. Their use in competitions is strictly regulated. It is essential for athletes and support personnel to be aware of these regulations to ensure the integrity of sporting events.