Evaluation of advanced bread wheat lines for yield performance and resistance to stripe rust

The present study aimed to identify high-yielding wheat genotypes with resistance to yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici) through a field experiment conducted at Hazara University, Mansehra, during the 2019-20 crop season. Grain yield ranged from 2,013 kg/ha to 4,556 kg/ha, with a mean yield of 3,152 kg/ha. Several genotypes significantly outperformed the standard check varieties, demonstrating potential for both high yield and strong disease resistance. Yellow rust resistance was evaluated based on host reactions and coefficient of infection (CI) values, which revealed a broad spectrum of resistance levels, ranging from immune to highly susceptible. Several genotypes exhibited strong resistance (CI = 0-9%), while others showed moderate resistance or varying degrees of susceptibility. Cluster analysis grouped the genotypes into six clusters based on their performance in terms of grain yield and yellow rust resistance. Genotypes combining high yield with strong resistance were identified as promising candidates for future breeding programs. Conversely, high-yielding but susceptible genotypes underscored the need for targeted improvement in disease resistance. This study highlights the importance of integrating high yield potential with durable disease resistance in wheat breeding efforts to ensure sustainable production, particularly in areas prone to yellow rust outbreaks. The findings contribute valuable understandings for breeders aiming to develop wheat varieties that are not only high yielding but also resilient to disease pressure.