KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES ABOUT ANTIBIOTICS USE AMONG THE PATIENTS VISITING COMMUNITY PHARMACIES

Background: Antibiotic resistance is a major global health threat, largely fueled by irrational antibiotic use at the community level. In Pakistan, easy access to antibiotics without prescriptions and limited public awareness significantly contribute to this problem. Objective: This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to antibiotic use among patients visiting community pharmacies in District Tharparkar, Pakistan. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 400 patients selected through convenience sampling at community pharmacies. Data were collected using a structured, pre-tested questionnaire translated into Urdu. Descriptive statistics summarized participant characteristics, and chi-square tests explored associations between sociodemographic factors and KAP outcomes. Results: The majority of participants showed poor knowledge regarding antibiotic use, with only 53% correctly identifying their use against bacterial infections and 29% mistakenly believing they are effective against viral illnesses. Attitudes and practices were similarly inappropriate; 48% stopped antibiotics once symptoms improved, and 58% reported buying antibiotics without a prescription. Higher education levels were significantly associated with better KAP scores (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Substantial gaps in knowledge and unsafe antibiotic use behaviors were identified, highlighting the need for targeted public education and stricter pharmacy regulations.