RAINFALL VARIABILITY AND CROP YIELD IN GUINEA SAVANNA NIGERIA: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT ON FOOD SECURITY IN ANYIGBA KOGI STATE

This paper examines the effect of rainfall variability and crop yield in Guinea Savanna Nigeria: An empirical analysis of the impact on food security in Anyigba Kogi State. The main Objective of the study is look at the impact of rainfall variability and crop yield in guinea savannah Nigeria. Secondary sources of data collection were employed in the study. Twelve years of data were obtained from the annual collation of database on the Geography and Planning Department at Prince Abubakar Audu University. There were significant differences with the computed years for the experiment. Year 2007 produced the lowest rainfall with 1.36 mm while the highest rainfall for the period of the sampling is year 2019 with average rainfall of 4.9 mm. The variability of the maximum temperature changes accordingly given 31.60°C. The maximum temperature. It was observed that 2007–2019 decade was associated with less minimum temperature of 0.5°C (2.7%) with year 2019 showing the lowest minimum temperature with 12.12°C while the highest minimum temperature 2017 at 24.19°C, respectively. It was observed that 2007–2019 had a high relative humidity (%), year 2007 and 2012 showed the lowest relative humidity (%) with 12% while the highest was computed from year 2018 with 84.35 (%), respectively. It was observed that 2007–2019 had a very low Pinch Evaporation, year 2008 showed the lowest Pinch Evaporation with 3, while the highest was computed from year 2013 with 41.9, respectively. It can be concluded that variation in these climatic variables have significant implications on plants, animals, humans and the environment economically and otherwise.