Structural and semantic features of borrowed words from semitic and Iranian languages in the Kabardian-Circassian language

The aim of this research is to establish the lexico-grammatical features of borrowed words from Arabic and Persian in the Kabardian-Circassian language, which allows for the reconstruction of the linguistic and cultural landscapes of the relationships between the languages in question. The scientific novelty of this work lies in the fact that, for the first time, based on the analysis of factual material, borrowed words from different-structured (Semitic and Iranian) languages in the Kabardian-Circassian language are identified, taking into account their systematization, phonetic and semantic modifications, as well as grammatical possibilities and regularity of use in the language. The results obtained showed how borrowed words are subject to certain phonetic laws of the Kabardian-Circassian language, and their semantic content or the choice of meanings of foreign language words depends on the needs of the borrowing language. It was revealed that from the Semitic language group, the Kabardian-Circassian language borrowed words from Arabic, and from the Iranian language group, words only from Persian and Ossetian. Demonstrating diverse lexico-grammatical possibilities, borrowed words from different-structured languages contribute to the development of the lexicon and grammar of the language under study.