Biological Assessment of Chitosan Nanoparticle Extracted from Carapace of Sartoriana spinigera Crab as a Potent Anti-cancer Agent through Apoptotic and Necrotic Pathway

Natural products have acquired interest in the pharmaceutical industry for their various properties of being non toxic and biocompatible, and also for having the efficiency to cure various diseases. One such serious disease is Breast cancer which is known to be the most common cancer among females worldwide and for the cure of which, various research work is being done. Chitosan is a natural biopolymer obtained from deacetylation of chitin found abundantly in exoskeleton of Arthropoda including crustaceans. Because of its deacetylated form and cationic nature, it has proved to have various health benefits. In the present study, chitosan nanoparticles have been prepared from carapace of Sartoriana spinigera which is a crab found abundantly in the freshwater bodies of Jharkhand, India. Study on enhancing Caspase 3/7 activity of MCF-7 cells has been done by treatment with chitosan nanoparticle which showed that after treatment chitosan nanoparticle was able to show increased necrosis of MCF-7 cells which was significantly higher than that of control group at 5 % significance level. Analysis of Annexin V revealed that chitosan nanoparticle increased the phenomenon of early apoptosis as compared to control group at 1 % significance level, confirming chitosan nanoparticle as a potent anti cancer agent against MCF-7 cell line.