Perspectives on Mammography: A Survey of Awareness Among Urban Women Across Age Groups

Objective: Breast cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality among women globally. Early detection through mammography significantly improves outcomes; however, awareness and utilization of this screening tool remain inconsistent, especially across different regions of India. This study aimed to assess the level of awareness and knowledge regarding mammography among educated urban women aged 18 to 60 years in Kamrup Metro district, Assam. Methods: A cross-sectional prospective study was conducted from April 2023 to December 2024 among women aged 18 to 60 years residing in urban areas of Kamrup Metro district, Assam. Participants with a minimum educational qualification of graduation were included. Data were collected using a validated, self-structured 10-item questionnaire comprising two sections: socio-demographic details and questions related to awareness, knowledge, and experience of mammography, as well as breast self-examination (BSE) and clinical breast examination (CBE). Results: Out of the total respondents, 85.24% reported having heard of mammography; however, only 7.37% had ever undergone the procedure. Knowledge regarding the purpose, recommended starting age, and frequency of mammography was limited. Only 18% correctly identified the appropriate age to begin screening, and 26.22% were aware that the procedure involves radiation exposure. Awareness of BSE and CBE was also low, reported by just 27.04% of participants. Despite high general awareness, actionable knowledge and screening behavior were lacking. Educational level did not significantly influence awareness between graduates and postgraduates. Conclusion: The study highlights a critical gap between general awareness and actionable knowledge regarding mammography among educated urban women in Northeast India. These findings underscore the need for targeted, region-specific health education strategies focusing on the practical importance of early detection and regular screening practices. Key words: mammography, awareness, breast cancer, urban women, Kamrup