A Prototype of Smart Road Signal System: Integrating Microwave and Ultrasonic Sensors for Real-Time Hazard Detection

Road safety is a critical aspect of modern transportation, especially in areas with high traffic volume and challenging environments. Despite advancements in vehicle safety technologies, road accidents remain a major issue, particularly in steep hilly areas and sharp turns. Main objective of this study is to design a sensor-based system that can detect both moving and stationary objects on the road. The system integrates ultrasonic and microwave sensors, a microcontroller unit, and solar-powered energy sources to detect moving and stationary objects in real-time and activate visual warning signals. The prototype was tested for accuracy, response time, and power efficiency, and results indicate high detection reliability under varied environmental conditions. The findings support the feasibility of deploying sensor-based smart signaling systems to enhance traffic safety.