Transforming Healthcare: The Role of Artificial Intelligence

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into healthcare is revolutionising the industry by enhancing diagnostic accuracy, personalising treatment strategies, and improving administrative efficiency. This study aims to evaluate the impact of AI interventions on health outcomes across various medical applications. A scoping review was conducted using relevant search terms, focusing exclusively on interventional studies measuring AI's effectiveness on health outcomes. The review analysed 30 clinical trials, including behavioural interventions, stroke rehabilitation, sepsis prediction, dental caries, and venous thromboembolism. The findings indicate that AI significantly improves adherence to healthy behaviours and enhances engagement in self-monitoring activities, has effective predictive capabilities, particularly in sepsis risk assessment, and demonstrates high accuracy in melanoma detection. However, AI-driven clinical decision support systems did not increase prophylaxis rates for venous thromboembolism or significantly improve motor function, cognition, or quality of life in Parkinson's disease patients. In summary, this review highlights the substantial potential of AI across various healthcare domains. The evidence suggests that AI improves adherence to interventions, enhances healthcare delivery efficiency, facilitates effective disease management, and increases diagnostic accuracy. Continued exploration of AI applications in healthcare is crucial for optimising patient outcomes and addressing implementation challenges within clinical practice.