MECHANISMS OF MASSIFICATION OF THE SOVIET PHYSICAL CULTURE MOVEMENT OF THE 1920S AND 1930S

The article affects the problem of physical culture and sports in the USSR of the 1920s – 1930s as a mass phenomenon. Creating the concept of physical culture development in the country, the Soviet leadership attached special importance to the involvement as many citizens as possible in this area. The search for mechanisms for the massification of physical culture became one of the main tasks of the Soviet leadership. The author analyzes the process of this search using regulatory documents published by organizations that managed Soviet sports in the 1920s – 1930s, office documents and periodical materials. Special attention is paid to the All-Union sports complex Ready for Labour and Defence, its establishment and implementation in the 1930s. The author concludes that the successful implementation of this complex allowed it to become the basis of Soviet physical education due to the combination of physical training of citizens for military and civilian purposes with the possibility of planning quantitative indicators in this area.