UML and BPMN-Based Business Process Modeling for High-Risk Financial Applications

As financial systems become increasingly digitized and complex, the need for robust, flexible, and transparent modeling approaches in high-risk domains such as anti-money laundering (AML), fraud detection, and credit risk assessment has grown exponentially. This review explores the integration of Unified Modeling Language (UML) and Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) as complementary modeling paradigms tailored for these sensitive applications. Through a comparative analysis of theoretical models, experimental findings, and case studies, the review highlights how combining BPMN's process abstraction capabilities with UML's technical precision can address both business and technical requirements. The paper concludes by identifying key gaps in current research and suggesting future directions aimed at enhancing modeling efficiency, compliance traceability, and automation in high-risk financial environments.