Policy Support and Practical Dilemmas of Drone Logistics for E-Commerce Terminal Delivery in Mountainous Areas—Taking the Route from Village P to Village Q in Longquan City, Zhejiang Province as an Example

随着电子商务在山区的迅速发展，解决“最后一公里”物流难题变得尤为关键。无人机物流作为一种新兴的智能配送方式，以其灵活性、快速响应能力等优点，在山区电商末端配送中展现了巨大潜力。本文以浙江省龙泉市P村至Q村的无人机物流航线为例，通过理论分析与案例分析相结合的方法，评估了无人机物流的应用潜力及其优化策略。研究表明，尽管无人机物流在提高配送效率、降低运输成本和应急物流保障方面具有显著优势，但在技术适应性、管理机制等方面仍需进一步加强。基于此，提出了增强项目落地的情境敏感性、推动常态化供给、完善多元主体协同机制及加快法规标准体系建设等举措，旨在进一步释放无人机物流在山区电商末端配送中的应用潜力，助力山区经济振兴和物流体系优化升级。With the rapid development of e-commerce in mountainous areas, solving the “last kilometre” logistics problems has become particularly critical. As an emerging intelligent distribution method, drone logistics has shown great potential in the end distribution of e-commerce in mountainous areas with its flexibility, rapid response capability and other advantages. Taking the UAV logistics route from P village to Q village in Longquan City, Zhejiang Province as an example, this paper evaluates the application potential of UAV logistics and its optimisation strategy by combining theoretical analysis and empirical research. The study shows that although UAV logistics has significant advantages in improving distribution efficiency, reducing transport costs and emergency logistics protection, it still needs to be further strengthened in terms of technical adaptability, management mechanism and policy support. Based on this, initiatives such as enhancing the situational sensitivity of policy design, promoting institutionalised supply, improving the synergistic mechanism of multiple subjects and accelerating the construction of regulatory and standard systems are proposed, aiming to further unleash the application potential of UAV logistics in e-commerce terminal distribution in mountainous areas, and to help revitalise the mountainous economy and optimise the upgrading of the logistics system.